Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein Chemiluminescent Immunoassay

☑️  Description

ox-LDL measures protein damage due to oxidative modification of the apolipoprotein B (ApoB) subunit on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).1 Briefly, LDL-C enters the artery wall where it becomes oxidized. ox-LDL is then recognized by scavenger receptors on the macrophages which engulf ox-LDL, resulting in foam cell formation,2 vascular inflammation,1 and initiation of atherosclerosis.

☑️  Clinical Significance

Individuals with high levels of ox-LDL are 3.5X more likely to develop metabolic syndrome in the next 5 years.

Increased ox-LDL levels are associated with the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD).

ox-LDLinhibits production of endothelial nitric oxide which can also lead to cell death, increased endothelial dysfunction, plaque formation, and platelet aggregation.

• In healthy middle-aged men, high ox-LDL levels are associated with a 4X greater risk of developing coronary heart disease.

• Levels of ox-LDL increase in a step-wise fashion as the severity of CAD increases.

• ox-LDL levels may also be elevated in patients with kidney disease, polycystic ovary syndrome,12 and known autoimmune disorders.

☑️  Testing Frequency

ox-LDL testing is determined by an individual’s medical history, but it may be performed semi-annually or annually as necessary. If the initial test result is abnormal, then follow-up testing may be performed within 3-6 months following treatment.

☑️  Increased ox-LDL levels signify increased risk for:

Metabolic syndrome

Cardiovascular disease

Acute myocardial infarction

☑️  ox-LDL levels may be decreased by:

Maintaining a healthy weight/diet

Exercising more

Cholesterol-lowering medications